They have devised a process, fuel could be extracted from the Martian atmosphere

Chinese researchers have developed a method to convert Mars' thin atmosphere into usable methanol, potentially aiding human colonization of the planet. This catalytic process utilizes a dual-active center catalyst, MOF-808-NaCu, which enhances the conversion of carbon dioxide into methanol using hydrogen extracted from Martian ice. Methanol offers practical advantages over methane, as it remains liquid at ambient temperatures and pressures, making it easier to store and use for energy, heating, and industrial production. However, engineering challenges remain, particularly in designing lightweight compressors to capture and compress the rare Martian atmosphere.