They promised that nationality doesn't matter. But theory diverged from practice.

The article discusses the Jewish experience of anti-Semitism during the political thaw in Poland in 1956, highlighting the public expressions of anti-Jewish sentiment. It notes the declaration by the Polish United Workers' Party condemning discrimination based on nationality after Władysław Gomułka's rise to power. Despite initial hopes for change following Stalin's death and the subsequent political thaw, the article suggests that these gains were not lasting. It reflects on the broader context of the era, including the impact of Nikita Khrushchev's revelations about Stalin's crimes and the societal shifts that followed.