What impact the wolf has exactly – on wild boars, deer, trees – and whether it makes the forest healthier remains a topic of discussion

The impact of wolves on ecosystems in the Veluwe region remains debated, with anecdotal evidence suggesting changes in wildlife behavior and vegetation. Experts observe that wild boars and deer are adapting their habits, forming larger groups for protection against wolves. However, scientific data to support these claims is lacking, leading to differing opinions among ecologists. Some believe that wolves may contribute to healthier forests by allowing certain plant species to thrive, while others caution against drawing definitive conclusions without long-term studies. The role of hunting in wildlife management continues to be a topic of discussion, especially as wolf populations grow.