Secularism, laicism and religious freedom

In an opinion piece, Professor Mário Pinto argues that the state is neutral regarding religion, neither endorsing belief nor disbelief. He emphasizes that while individuals may identify as believers or secular, the state does not possess personal consciousness to choose between these options. Pinto critiques the notion of a secular state in Portugal, asserting that neither the Constitution nor laws declare it as such. Instead, he describes Portugal as a non-confessional state that respects and promotes religious freedom. This perspective aligns with the idea of 'positive laicity,' which advocates for cooperation between the state and religious institutions to support human rights and societal values. Pinto's views are echoed by Dr. Pedro Vaz Patto, who highlights the collaborative nature of state-religion relations in promoting freedom of conscience and religion.